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当前位置：国际妇产科研究 > 2024年 4卷 (2)期

Open Access Article

International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2024; 4: (2) ; 22-30 ; DOI: 10.12208/j.ijog.20240015.

Research progress on obesity and premature birth in women
女性肥胖与早产的研究进展

作者： 闵瑜, 王嘉伟 *

南通大学附属医院江苏南通

*通讯作者：王嘉伟,单位：南通大学附属医院江苏南通；

江苏省卫生健康委员会面上项目（H2023090）南通市卫生健康委员会面上项目（MS2023081）

发布时间: 2024-12-31 总浏览量: 136

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摘要

目的随着经济水平的提高及生活水平的提高，肥胖已成为全球性的重大挑战，肥胖孕妇的数量逐年攀升，对母体和子代健康均构成了显著威胁。而早产作为新生儿死亡的重要原因，让不少研究者关注到肥胖与早产存在关联。本文就孕妇肥胖与早产之间的关系、可能存在的作用机制以及如何监测干预进行阐述。方法将最近二十年提及的涉及女性肥胖与早产的联系的文献进行分类汇总。结果 1.肥胖对女性及其子代存在种种负面影响，同时不同危险因素对肥胖与早产的联系存在异质性；2.尽管肥胖导致早产的确切机制尚未明确，但研究表明，肥胖可能通过引发胎盘炎症来增加早产风险。肥胖会增加脂肪组织中活性氧（ROS）的产生，激活炎症途径，导致炎性细胞因子如肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的水平上升,这些炎症因子参与胎盘结构和功能的改变，从而可能引发早产。3.通过实施有效的监测和干预措施，可以显著降低肥胖对早产风险的影响。结论本文详细阐述了女性肥胖与早产之间的联系，并提出了通过多元性干预措施可以有效降低肥胖女性早产率。未来研究应进一步探索孕前肥胖导致早产的生物学机制，为肥胖女性的早产预防和治疗提供更加有效的干预手段。

关键词： 孕前肥胖；孕前超重；早产

Abstract

Objective With the improvement of economic level and living standards, obesity has become a major global challenge. The number of obese pregnant women has increased year by year, posing a significant threat to the health of both mothers and offspring. As an important cause of neonatal death, premature birth has attracted the attention of many researchers to the association between obesity and premature birth. This article describes the relationship between obesity and premature birth in pregnant women, possible mechanisms of action, and how to monitor and intervene.
Methods The literature on the relationship between obesity and premature birth in women mentioned in the past two decades was classified and summarized.
Results 1. Obesity has various negative effects on women and their offspring, and different risk factors have heterogeneous effects on the relationship between obesity and premature birth; 2. Although the exact mechanism of obesity leading to premature birth has not yet been clarified, studies have shown that obesity may increase the risk of premature birth by inducing placental inflammation. Obesity increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adipose tissue, activates inflammatory pathways, and leads to increased levels of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These inflammatory factors are involved in changes in placental structure and function, which may induce premature birth. 3. The impact of obesity on the risk of premature birth can be significantly reduced by implementing effective monitoring and intervention measures.
Conclusion This article elaborates on the relationship between obesity and premature birth in women, and proposes that multivariate intervention measures can effectively reduce the premature birth rate in obese women. Future studies should further explore the biological mechanism of preterm birth caused by pre-pregnancy obesity, and provide more effective intervention methods for the prevention and treatment of premature birth in obese women.

Key words： Pre-pregnancy obesity; Pre-pregnancy overweight; Premature birth

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引用本文

闵瑜, 王嘉伟, 女性肥胖与早产的研究进展[J]. 国际妇产科研究, 2024; 4: (2) : 22-30.

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